Wiper box

Types of Wiper Boxes

The wiper box is an important part of the windshield wiper system. It houses the motor and other mechanical components that allow the wipers to move back and forth across the windshield. There are several types of wiper boxes, each designed to meet different vehicle requirements. Here are some of them:

• Electric Wiper Box

  Electric wiper boxes are the most commonly used today. They are powered by the vehicle's electrical system and use electric motors to drive the wipers. The electric wiper box is reliable, easy to maintain, and can be easily adjusted to achieve different wiper speeds. Because of these advantages, most car manufacturers use it in their vehicles.

• Vacuum Wiper Box

  The vacuum wiper box is a traditional technology used in older cars and some budget-friendly modern vehicles. Instead of electric motors, these wiper boxes use the vehicle's vacuum system to power the windshield wipers. The vacuum motors are less powerful than electric motors, which is why wipers powered by vacuum systems are slower and have limited movement. As a result, the wipers may not be as effective, especially in heavy rains or adverse weather conditions. For this reason, vacuum wiper boxes are being phased out.

• Dual Motor Wiper Box

  Some vehicles, especially buses and trucks that have bigger windshields, require more than one motor to drive the wipers effectively. In such cases, a dual-motor wiper box is used. The dual-motor wiper box houses two motors, allowing for coordinated movement of two wiper blades. The dual motor wiper box is more powerful and provides a wider and efficient wiper coverage, making it suitable for larger windshields.

• Wiper Box with PWM Control

  Some modern, high-end vehicles come with a wiper box that has Pulse Width Modulation control. The wiper box with PWM control offers more precision and better control over the wiper motors. The control system adjusts the power supplied to the motor based on real-time feedback. As a result, the wipers are more synchronized and can operate at different speeds. Wiper boxes with PWM control are suitable for luxury vehicles.

Specifications and Maintenance of Wiper Boxes

The windscreen wiper box, also known as the wiper motor or wiper assembly, is a vital component of the wiper system that requires attention and care for optimal performance. Here are some important aspects regarding the specifications and maintenance of the wiper box.

Specifications

• 1. Wiper Motor Power

  Wiper motors are available in different wattages, such as 18, 25, or 35 watts (or more). The wattage affects the wiper's speed and torque. Higher-wattage motors generate more power to move the wipers quickly and forcefully over the windscreen, which is helpful in heavy rain or snow.

• 2. Wiper Motor Voltage

  The voltage of the wiper motor is another important specification. Most wiper motors operate on 12 volts, which is the standard voltage for most car electrical systems. However, some cars may use a 24-volt wiper motor for larger or heavy-duty vehicles. A higher-voltage motor provides more power and efficiency but requires a compatible electrical system.

• 3. Wiper Box Size and Mounting

  The wiper box size and mounting options may vary depending on the vehicle model and available space. The wiper box typically measures between 30 to 40 cm in length, 20 to 30 cm in width, and 10 to 15 cm in height. The wiper box is usually mounted on the car body with screws or bolts and connected to the wiper linkage with rods or joints.

• 4. Wiper Motor Type

  Two main types of motors are commonly used in cars: DC and AC motors. DC motors are the most common type due to their simple structure, controllable speed, and high torque. AC motors are more efficient and quieter but more expensive and complex.

• 5. Wiper Control Switch

  The wiper control switch allows users to control wiper speed and settings. Options for the wiper control switch include intermittent, low-speed, and high-speed settings. Some wiper control switches may have additional features like delay timers, rain sensors, or washers.

• 6. Wiper Blade Size and Type

  The wiper box supplies wiper blades in various sizes and types, such as conventional, beam, or hybrid blades. Sizes usually range from 40 to 70 cm in length, depending on the vehicle model and windscreen dimensions. Wiper blades are made of rubber or silicone, which should be replaced regularly to maintain their quality.

Maintenance

• 1. Regular Inspection

  The first step in maintaining a healthy wiper box is to inspect it regularly. Any signs of wear, damage, or leakage should be checked for the wiper motor, linkage, and blades. The arms and linkage should also be examined for wear or looseness, while the blades should be examined for cracks or tears.

• 2. Cleaning

  The next step is cleaning. Dirt, debris, and dust should be cleaned from the wiper box and its components regularly, preferably using a soft cloth or brush. Mild soap and water can be used to clean the wiper motor and linkage. Users should also clean the wiper blades regularly using a damp cloth or some rubbing alcohol to avoid scratches on the windscreen.

• 3. Lubrication

  Lubrication is also crucial in ensuring the smooth operation of the wiper box components. Use a suitable lubricant, such as lithium grease or silicone oil, to coat the wiper motor, linkage, and other moving parts. Avoid using excessive lubricant, as this can attract dirt and dust.

• 4. Electrical System Check

  It is equally important to inspect the electrical system of the wiper box regularly to ensure that it is functioning properly. Check for loose wires, corroded terminals, or damaged connectors, and repair or replace them immediately. Make sure the wiper control switch functions properly and adjust the settings as required.

• 5. Replacement of Wiper Blades

  As a rule of thumb, wiper blades should be replaced every six months or once a year. However, this can vary depending on the frequency of usage and the degree of wear and tear. Apart from the wiper blades, the arms and linkage should be replaced every two to three years, or whenever they show signs of wear or damage.

• 6. Professional Inspection and Repair

  If any problems or issues with the wiper box persist, users should seek professional inspection and repair. A qualified mechanic can diagnose and fix any problems with the wiper motor, linkage, or other components. They can also perform more advanced cleaning, inspection, or repair services if needed.

How to Choose Wiper Boxes

Choosing the right wiper box can be a daunting task because of the many options available. Here are some tips that can help people choose the right wiper box for their needs:

• Consider the type of vehicle: different vehicles use different types of wiper boxes. It is advisable to choose a wiper box that is compatible with the vehicle to be used.
• Think about the weather conditions: for people living in areas with extreme weather conditions, it is advisable to choose a heavy-duty wiper box that can withstand the weather. A standard wiper box is recommended for people living in areas with moderate weather.
• Budget: wiper boxes come in different price ranges. It is advisable to choose a wiper box that is affordable but also consider the features and quality.
• Brand: there are many brands of wiper boxes in the market. It is advisable to do research and choose a reputable brand that is known for quality and durability.
• Features: consider the features of the wiper box. Choose a wiper box that has features that suit people's needs. Some common features to look out for include wiper blades, motors, and control systems.
• Installation: when choosing a wiper box, consider the installation. Some wiper boxes are easy to install, while others require professional installation. Choose a wiper box that is easy to install or one that can be installed by a professional.

How to DIY and Replace of Wiper Box

Replacing the wiper motor requires some basic tools. Here's a step-by-step guide:

• Disconnect the Battery

  To avoid any electrical shorts or mishaps, always disconnect the vehicle's battery before operating any electrical component.

• Identify the Wiper Motor

  The wiper motor is usually located close to the wiper box. For most cars, it's situated underneath the dashboard or on the driver's side, below the windshield.

• Remove the Cover

  Some cars have a cover or panel that needs to be removed to access the wiper motor. This may require unscrewing or unclipping.

• Disconnect the Electrical Connector

  Carefully disconnect the electrical connector from the wiper motor. Take note of how it's connected so you can reconnect it similarly with the new motor.

• Remove the Wiper Arms

  Use a suitable tool to remove the wiper arms from their spindles. They are often secured with a nut that may need to be unscrewed.

• Unscrew the Wiper Motor

  The wiper motor is usually held in place by bolts or screws. Use a screwdriver or socket wrench to remove these fasteners and carefully take out the motor from its mounting location.

• Transfer Linkage and Mounting Bracket

  If the wiper motor is attached to a linkage or mounting bracket, you may need to transfer these components to the new motor. Ensure they are correctly aligned and secured.

• Install the New Wiper Motor

  Place the new motor into its mounting location and secure it with bolts. Reconnect the wiper motor to the electrical system, ensuring all connections are tight and secure.

• Reconnect the Wiper Arms

  Reattach the wiper arms to the spindles. Ensure they are positioned correctly and securely tightened.

• Replace the Cover

  Put back any cover or panel previously removed to access the wiper motor. Secure it with screws or clips as required.

• Reconnect the Battery

  Reattach the battery's connectors. Ensure the connections are clean and tight.

• Test the New Wiper Motor

  Turn on the ignition and test the wiper motor to ensure it's functioning correctly. Adjust the wiper arms' positions and the motor's settings if necessary.

Q&A

Q1: How often should someone change their wiper boxes?

A1: There is no specific number of times to change the wiper box. However, once users start noticing a decline in the wiper's performance, it is time to check the wiper box. They can also change the wiper box after using it for several years.

Q2: Do wiper boxes come with warranties?

A2: Some wiper boxes have a guarantee. The period covered by the warranty may differ depending on the manufacturer. The warranty allows customers to return the product in case of any defects.

Q3: Can anyone install a wiper box on their own?

A3: Yes, it is possible to install the wiper box without any professional help. However, the process requires one to follow the instructions manual provided by the manufacturer. Furthermore, if one is not sure they can do it, they should seek professional assistance.