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Subaru alternators are used to generate electricity to power the electrical components of a vehicle, including lights, air conditioning, and the infotainment system. The alternator also recharges the vehicle's battery so that it does not run down. Auto alternators come in different types, including:
Diode alternator:
The Subaru Subaru alternator is designed with many diodes that are used to convert the generated electricity from the alternator into usable current. This current, referred to as ""output current,"" powers the electrical components of a vehicle. The output current from the alternator also recharges the vehicle's battery. Subaru alternators are vital for the smooth running of a vehicle's electrical system, ensuring a stable and reliable power supply.
12-volt alternator:
These alternators produce a stable power supply of 12 volts, which is needed to run most electrical systems in a car. The 12-volt power supply keeps the car's battery charged and can deliver enough power to run multiple electrical components simultaneously without any problems. The 12-volt alternator ensures that critical systems like engine management, fuel pumps, and ignition systems receive a constant power supply, making it possible for them to function reliably.
One-wire alternator:
This type of alternator is connected to the battery using a single wire. While it may lack a connection to the vehicle's electrical system, the one-wire alternator is designed to automatically sense the voltage and begin charging as soon as the engine is running. This simple design reduces maintenance needs and makes installation easy. One-wire alternators are often used in vehicles with basic electrical systems and in applications where high charging performance is not required.
High-output alternator:
These are heavy-duty alternators designed to provide a high power output, typically exceeding 100 amps. They are ideal for powering demanding electrical components such as high-performance audio systems, winches, and intense lighting setups. The high-output alternator ensures stable voltage and current, even under heavy load, thus eliminating dimming lights and weak battery issues. High-output alternators are commonly used in off-road, audio competition, and custom car applications, where electrical demands exceed standard alternator capabilities.
Low-dropout voltage regulator:
Subaru alternators are equipped with low-dropout voltage regulators (LDOs) that maintain a consistent voltage output even when the electrical load fluctuates. The LDOs in the alternator sense changes in current demand and adjust the output voltage accordingly. This ensures that the connected electrical components receive a stable voltage supply, preventing damage or performance issues. The low-dropout voltage regulator enhances the alternator's reliability and efficiency, making it a critical feature in high-performance or specialized electrical systems.
Manufacturers provide Subaru alternator specifications to guide buyers in making the right purchase decisions. Here are common specifications to look out for:
Power output
Alternators with higher power output are ideal for heavy electrical loads. The output is measured in amps.
Voltage
Most alternators produce a steady voltage of 12 volts to power car accessories. Some models have a higher voltage of about 14 volts to support more electrical components.
Size and weight
Size and weight are determined by the type of vehicle and its power requirements. Heavy-duty vehicles require larger and heavier alternators.
Mounting and connection
The design of the mounting and connection components alternators determines their ease of installation. Some models have removable mounting feet, making installation easy.
Case material
Alternators are enclosed in cases made of various materials. The most common ones are plastic, aluminum, and cast iron. Each material has its advantages and disadvantages. For instance, aluminum is durable and corrosion-resistant.
Cooling system
Cooling systems are designed to dissipate heat generated by the alternator during operation. Common cooling systems include cooling fans and external cooling channels.
When it is time to maintain Subaru auto alternators, users can follow DIY guides or hire professionals. DIY guides are easy to follow and are available online. To maintain the alternator, inspect it regularly for wear and damage. Ensure that all the belts, pulleys, and mounting hardware are in good condition. Clean the alternator to remove debris, dust, and dirt. Check the electrical connections to ensure that they are tight and clean. Replace worn-out parts, such as bearings and brushes. Lubricate moving parts of the alternator to ensure smooth operation.
When it comes to choosing the right Subaru alternator for a vehicle, here are some important factors to consider:
Subaru alternator replacement is a straightforward process. However, it is necessary to have the right tools and alternator at hand. The tools needed include a socket set, a ratchet, a wrench set, a torque wrench, and a screw jack. Follow the steps below to replace an auto alternator:
1. Firstly, disconnect the battery. This is crucial because it helps to prevent electrical shorts and ensures safety during the process.
2. Next, lift the vehicle and remove the wheel. After this, the fender cover must be removed to provide access to the alternator.
3. Now, remove the alternator belt. To do this, loosen the tensioner pulley and then remove the belt from the alternator.
4. At this point, the electrical connections to the alternator must be disconnected. Take note of these connections and how they were connected to the alternator. They include one or two plug-in connectors and a battery cable connected to the alternator using a 10 mm nut.
5. Now, remove the alternator mounting bolts. This can be done using a wrench or socket. Once the bolts are loose, it is advisable to use one's hand to remove the alternator from the engine.
6. Now, install the new alternator. Connect it to the engine using the mounting bolts and tighten them to the manufacturer's specification.
7. Now, reconnect all the electrical connections to the new alternator. Make sure they are connected exactly the way they were disconnected earlier.
8. Then, reinstall the alternator belt. Ensure it is properly aligned and has the right tension.
9. Once this is done, replace the fender cover and wheel. Lower the vehicle and start the engine to test the new alternator and ensure it is working properly.
10. Finally, reconnect the battery.
Q1: What is the recommended maintenance schedule for Subaru alternators?
A1: Unlike other auto parts that need regular inspection and maintenance, alternators are generally low-maintenance.
However, they also need occasional check-ups. It is recommendable to take the vehicle to a mechanic for a thorough inspection every six months or after covering 5000 miles.
This will allow early detection of issues like worn-out bearings or frayed wires before they become major problems. The mechanic may also check the carbon brushes and replace them if worn out to prevent alternator damage.
Q2: Can a larger alternator be installed on a Subaru vehicle?
A2: Yes, it is possible to install a larger alternator on a Subaru. It is a good upgrade for people who use a lot of electronic accessories in their vehicles.
For example, a car used for long drives may need a bigger alternator to support the energy needs of additional accessories like GPS, audio system, or even extra lighting.
Consult a mechanic or alternator supplier to know the right-sized alternator compatible with the Subaru model.
Q3: Can an alternator be recharged or refurbished?
A3: It is possible to recharge lithium-based alternators. However, lead-acid alternators are not rechargeable.
Lead-acid alternator batteries lose their capacity to be fully charged over time. Even if they are recharged, they may not power the vehicle as before.
Also, recharging worn-out batteries can be dangerous because they can explode or catch fire. Therefore, it is recommendable to replace lead-acid batteries rather than recharge them.
Q4: What are the signs of a failing alternator?
A4: As discussed above, alternators are low-maintenance. However, they can develop issues that are detectable through various signs.
These signs include dim or flickering lights, warning lights on the dashboard, slow start or no start, strange noises, and electrical accessories malfunctioning.
It is important to check the alternator as soon as these signs are visible to prevent further damage.
Q5: Can DIYers replace a Subaru alternator?
A5: Yes, replacing an alternator is a doable task for experienced DIYers. However, it requires following the right procedures and using the right tools.
Subaru owners who are not experienced in car maintenance should leave the alternator replacement to a certified mechanic.
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