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Agricultural small machinery refers to a series of small-scale equipment that can facilitate the work of the farmer in different aspects, from cleaning grain to planting seeds. Their main advantages are usually low fuel consumption, small sizes, and ease of use.
Some types of agricultural small machinery are as follows:
Small tractors:
They are powerful vehicles equipped with engines that may be used in different farming activities. Normally, the agricultural small tractors' power will be under 50 horsepower. They are helpful to farmers for tasks like land cultivation, livestock duty, hauling of equipment, and many other duties that have to be carried out in the farming sector. Their efficiency in numerous farm activities ranging from digging to transporting makes small tractors an invaluable asset to farmers.
Seeders and planters:
They usually have a mechanism to evenly disperse seeds throughout the field. In addition to that, they dig small trenches, put the seeds inside, and cover them with soil. While the seeders are usually pushed or pulled by tractors and are used for large-scale plantations like grains, cotton, and grass, planters are more precise when it comes to planting row crops, lies maize, beans, and vegetables.
Sprayers:
They are typically powered by gasoline or diesel engines. They help farmers spray pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers on crops. The agricultural sprayers usually come in different versions: knapsack sprayers, battery sprayers, and wheel sprayers, to name but a few. Knapsack sprayers are used for more manual work, while battery sprayers are suitable for small to medium acres, but pressure wheel sprayers work for larger areas or farms.
Harvesters:
Similar to sprayers, the agricultural small harvesters have different versions to accommodate different crop types and acreage. For instance, the grain harvesters, which are usually towed by tractors, are suitable for harvesting crops like wheat, barley, and rice. On the other hand, the fruit harvesters are designed to help pick, gather, or cut fruits from trees. They include fruitico, berry spinner, and grape shaker, to name but a few.
Threshers:
The agricultural small thresher machines are used to separate grains from straw after harvesting. They work by beating the harvested crop to release the grains, which are then collected separately. The thresher machines can be independent units or attached to tractors. They are usually helpful in saving time and increasing efficiency in the processing of cereal crops.
Small tillers and cultivators:
Tillers often refer to the machines used to dig and loosen the soil. They help farmers adequately prepare the seeds' bed and ensure proper drainage and aeration to help the seeds flourish. On the other hand, cultivators refer to the machinery used to uproot the hard soil in order to facilitate farming. They can be used in the gardening sector, small farms, and orchards.
Grain dryers:
They are helpful in reducing the grain moisture content in order to preserve crop quality and avoid any spoilage that may result from excessive dampness. Agricultural grain dryers may come in different technology and models to accommodate various grains such as rice, wheat, corn, millet, pulses, etc.
Below are some vital agricultural small machinery specifications and maintenance requirements:
Compatibility
Small tractors are compatible with various implements, such as plows, harrows, seeders, planters, mowers, sprayers, and tillers, to perform different agricultural tasks. Each implement may have specific compatibility requirements regarding coupling mechanisms, hydraulic connections, and weight ratings. For example, the tractor must have the right hitch system to work with a given plow.
Size and Power Output
Small tractors come in different sizes and power outputs to match the needs of various farm sizes and terrains. Tractors with higher horsepower are suitable for large, open farms. Conversely, lower-horsepower tractors work better on small, confined plots. Also, trainees with sufficient ground clearance and tire traction are better for navigating hilly areas.
Fuel Types
Small agricultural tractors usually use diesel fuel instead of gasoline. Diesel engines offer more torque, better fuel efficiency, and longer operating hours per tank in demanding agricultural tasks. However, some compact garden tractors may still utilize gasoline.
Regular Cleaning
It is necessary to regularly clean the exposed parts of a small tractor to avoid dirt buildup and clogging. This includes cleaning the radiator, air intake, cooling fan, and engine bay. A clean tractor will have proper cooling and air circulation, which promotes optimal engine performance.
Lubrication and Fluid Checks
Small tractor maintenance often involves lubricating pivot points, hinges, and fittings. Lubrication reduces friction, promotes smooth movement, and minimizes component wear. It is equally important to check fluid levels regularly. This includes fluid levels for the engine, transmission, hydraulic system, coolant, and fuel.
Agricultural small machines play a vital role in various farming operations. Here are some common usage scenarios for different types of small-scale farm equipment:
Selecting appropriate farm tools and equipment is crucial since it can improve efficiency, output, and cost-effectiveness on a farm. Here are some things to consider when choosing small agricultural machinery:
Capacity and size
When choosing small agricultural machinery, it is important to match the capacity and sizes, such as those of loaders, tillers, harvesters, etc., to the land or farm one's business deals with. Consider the tractive power, loading capacity, range of tilling depth, and other relevant aspects of different machines, so they are well-suited for dealing with the kind and size of the land allocated for agriculture. This helps avoid problems caused by having too small or big capacities or sizes that perform very well on the land.
Adaptability
Selecting small agricultural tools that suit the peculiar requirements of a farm helps improve efficiency and cut costs. For instance, picking a tiller model suited to the soil type and crops of an area ensures proper tilling. Similarly, selecting a crop-specific harvester enhances its suitedness for the work it is meant to do.
Efficiency and productivity
Opt for machines with high power outputs, large processing capacities, and other features that boost their efficiency. Selecting more productive models helps small-scale farmers get the work done faster and better.
Cost
When choosing agricultural machinery, it is important to consider both initial purchase costs and long-term operating expenses like fuel consumption and maintenance. To improve cost-effectiveness in the long term, prioritize selecting models with lower operating expenses.
Quality and brand
Opt for small agricultural machinery made with better quality materials and more superior manufacturing techniques. Such well-made machines will have a longer lifespan and need less frequent repairs. It further helps enhance cost-effectiveness over time. Also, select reputable brands known for their producing good-quality, dependable tools.
Environmental friendliness
Small agricultural equipment, such as energy-saving tractors, is preferred because they reduce greenhouse gas emissions and save energy. The selection also includes those that use renewable energy so that agriculture can protect the earth while meeting food needs.
Q1: How does small-scale farming machinery help small farmers?
A1: Agriculture small scale machinery tackles different farming challenges. It aids in saving time, cutting labor costs, boosting production, and enhancing product quality. With these benefits, small farmers can compete favorably in the market.
Q2: What are some examples of small farm machinery used in agriculture?
A2: Agricultural engineers design different types of small-scale farming equipment Fit for various farms. Some examples include seed drills, small tractors, threshers, sprayers, and powered hand tools.
Q3: What is the trend in the use of agricultural machinery?
A3: The trend is towards more automated and connected machinery. Agricultural machines now have technologies like GPS, drones, and precision farming tools to improve efficiency and yield.
Q4: Do agricultural machines consume a lot of energy?
A4: Energy consumption will depend on the type of machine and its capacity. However, many agricultural machines now have energy-efficient designs to reduce energy consumption.
Q5: What is the role of specialist contractors in agricultural small machineries?
A5: When farms cannot budget for the cost of small scale agricultural machinery, they may cooperate with contractor specialists. These contractors can provide affordable services and save the farm the cost of setting up the machinery.
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