4 axis table cnc

Types of 4 axis table CNCS

A standard three-axis CNC machine has a fixed table with two primary movements, up and down, left and right, plus one additional movement along the z-axis, which is usually the height or a spindle-cutting direction towards the centrals of the object. An 4 axis CNC machine adds to this an advanced rotary table that allows the objects to be rotated like an axle. Such a features axis CNC machine makes replicas of objects like cylinders easier. A four-axis CNC machine typically has another A-axis, which is usually in the form of a rotary fixture or table/ vice that can hold workpieces and rotate them through various set angles to present different workpieces and sides to the cutting tool/ spindle. Such machines can thus perform a range of additional jobs like slotting in addition to the basic movement of Z, X and Y, which includes cutting grooves and making slots. A CNC machine with a fourth rotary axis allows custom machining of parts of varied geometries and in greater detail with a higher level of automation and less human effort.

Simple or commonly available 4-axis CNC machines support four-axis machining but usually lack true rotary systems. Upgraded versions have interchangeable rotary fixtures with additional speed and accuracy. Advanced 4-axis CNC routers have fully enclosed structures with touch screens. They support higher feed rates and have more precise gears, higher deceleration ratios, and smoother operations. High-precision 4-axis machines have premium motors with little noise and higher speeds. Some models have a G- code controller, while others have an SD card default controller with simulation software.

A 4-axis CNC milling machine has a fourth rotary axis incorporated into its head or table, which could be around the spindle's vertical A or C axis, but more commonly includes a horizontal B-axis incorporating a spindle that could be mounted either on the machine bed or on a clamp holding the object to be worked into place.

The workpiece can then be rotated and positioned accordingly, with the 3- axis still present, to carry out the required tasks. True 4-axis CNC machines allow CNC operators and designers to create custom parts and designs quickly and efficiently with increased automation and cutting precision. The ways in which the additional fourth axis is accomplished can be as follows:

• Rotary Tables: These tables perform as an additional axis in 3D space, with a fixed position or rotating about itself, allowing additional carvings and embossing of objects along an axis.
• Spindle Orientation: In this case, the spindle can change its position and orientations to carry out different required tasks. Advanced spindles may have an integrated gearbox to change its orientation during operation.
• Integration with other machines: In some circumstances, a separate machine may rotate an object, like a laser engraver, that can work better at a fixed frequency or with a certain clarity.

Specifications and maintenance of 4-axis table CNCS

Specifications

• Excellent engraving/drilling ability: Some models, such as the 6040 4 axis CNC, support a maximum axis travel of 600 x 400 x 100 mm. The spindle power can reach up to about 2.2KW, which is strong enough to engrave/ drill metal materials like copper, aluminum, etc. They also work for other materials like wood, acrylic, PVC, etc. With obstacle-free engraving paths, the devices can perform precise work on different materials.
• Compatibility with multiple software: A four-axis CNC engraver usually includes an offline control system. This system may be an intuitive and easy-to-use LCD controller or a more advanced computer system with a touch screen for more complex machining tasks. The CNC machine works with Artcam, Mastercam, and other software, allowing users to create designs and convert them into control codes for the machine.
• Support various file formats: A 4-axis CNC machine supports several file formats, including G-code, DXF, and others. The file formats' compatibility allows users to work with different design software and easily import their designs into the CNC machine for engraving or milling.

Maintenance

• Cleaning the 4-axis CNC router: Vacuum all dust and debris from the device, including the track, roller, and engraving head. Besides, a regular dust mop should be used to wipe the rails, engraving heads, and workbench to avoid dust accumulation and prevent rail/ belt abrasion.
• Lubricating the CNC 4 axis machine: Lubrication is mainly applicable to the rack and pinion/guide rails and moving parts. Lubricate the moving parts every month or two, while the rack and pinion/guide rails should be lubricated every 3-6 months. Select quality lithium or grease for guide rails and rack pinions that are compatible with CNC machines. For the slide rails, users may choose Falk's oil or other applicable products according to the manufacturer's suggestions, as those oils are specially made for them.
• Managing the working environment: The working environment can affect the CNC machine. Hence, it's vital to ensure the work area is clean and free of debris, dust, and flammable materials. Keep an appropriate distance from nearby water sources to prevent moisture from damaging the machine's electrical components.

Applications of a 4 axis CNC table

There are many industries that can benefit from a 4-axis CNC machine. They include:

• Architecture : Using a 4-axis CNC machine helps architects, builders, and landscapers quickly and efficiently model building projects. They can create scaled architectural models, topographic maps, landscaping models, etc.
• Arts and Crafts : Artists can use this machine for a wide range of tasks. From carving sculptures to creating reliefs, they can use the machine to design and cut out shapes from different types of material. In woodworking, furniture makers use it to inlay complex designs, create joinery patterns, and do custom profiling and molding.
• Automotive Industry : Automotive manufacturers also make use of 4-axis CNC machines, as do aftermarket professionals. These machines are ideal for making custom car parts like dash panels, rims, gear knobs, and control arms, to name a few. They can also be used to make car prototypes.
• Entertainment Industry : In the entertainment industry, 4-axis CNC machines are used to create sets and props for theaters, TV shows, and films. They are also used in the sports industry to create custom sports equipment such as golf clubs, snowboards, and surfboards.
• Aerospace and Defense : Aerospace and defense companies often implement 4-axis machines into their manufacturing systems. These machines are well-suited for fabricating complex components like airframes, housings, and housings. They can also be used to make military equipment like weapon systems and armored vehicles.
• Medicine and Healthcare : In the medical field, 4-axis CNC machines can create surgical instruments and implants and customize medical devices like prosthetics and orthotics. When combined with CAD and CAM software, they can also be used for patient-specific analysis and modeling.
• Electronics and Robotics : Robotics and electronics manufacturers can use a 4-axis CNC router machine to create PCB (printed circuit boards) and electronic enclosures. The machine will also come in handy for fabricating components for robotic systems like frames, brackets, and actuators.
• Sign Making : Sign makers often use the 4-axis CNC router to create custom signs, including carving, cutting, and engraving.

How to choose 4 axis table CNc

Buyers need to consider the following factors when choosing a 4 axis CNC table.

• Suitable Software

  An affordable and effective 4 axis CNC will come with a software package. Before choosing the machine, understand the software you're getting and how it works with the device. Also, consider how user-friendly the platform is. An intuitive interface can make programming and controlling the CNC machine easier for operators.

• Machine Compatibility

  A C-clamp CNC tabletop axis device may or may not be suitable for an existing CNC machine. Find out if the new table will work with the current setup. Also, consider if the new device will need a spindle or other devices not present in the current configuration.

• Desired Features

  Consider any added features the new device may have. This may include a remote emergency disconnect, tool hold, or rotary axis with a direct drive mechanism. Decide how important each additional part is and whether it suits the present business's needs the most.

• Quality and Build

  The device's construction will greatly influence its performance and longevity. Choose one made of high-quality steel or aluminum to tolerate rough usage and stay accurate over time.

• Cost Effectiveness

  Consider the kind of work a tabletop CNC does and how much it's worth. Spending more on a device that can tackle more jobs or working quicker may be a wiser investment than saving money now at the expense of lower productivity.

4 Axis Table CNC Q&A

Q1: Why are 4 axis CNC tables useful in machining materials?

A1: The fourth axis in a CNC table creates a new possibility for machines to rotate the workpiece. Having this advantage means that technicians can achieve more complex projects without requiring manual work. It also improves accuracy and reduces production time.

Q2: Can beginners use a 4 axis CNC router table?

A2: Most 4 axis CNC machines come with an easy-to-use software interface and video instructions to help users set up and operate the machine. Some even have plug-and-play capabilities, meaning users will only be required to download and install a driver to use the CNC machine. However, these machines may require guidance and prior knowledge about CNC machining and routers.

Q3: Can a 4 axis CNC machine be modified for other functionalities?

A3: Yes. 4 Axis CNC machines are often customizable. Some may prefer to upgrade the spindle to a stronger one to handle more heavy-duty projects. Others may want to enhance the machine's accuracy by adding more advanced components. Modifications will, however, require expertise and in-depth knowledge of the CNC machine.

Q4: Do 4 Axis CNC machines only work with certain types of software?

A4: No. A 4 Axis CNC machine can work with different software as long as the communication between the machine and the software is effective. Most of these machines work with CAD/CAM software to create the design, but any software that can use a G-Code to direct the CNC machine will work.